Does an OBD2 scanner work with Audi vehicles? Yes, virtually all Audi models manufactured since 2001 are OBD2 compliant, making it easy to diagnose car problems with an OBD2 scanner from CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN, getting real-time data, and troubleshooting potential issues. CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN provides comprehensive guides, efficient diagnostic tools, and expert technical support to ensure your Audi stays in top condition. Enhance your diagnostic skills with our specialized training programs and remote assistance, providing you with the expertise needed for vehicle maintenance and repair.
Contents
- 1. Understanding OBD2 and Its Compatibility with Audi
- 1.1. The Mandate Behind OBD2
- 1.2. How OBD2 Works in Audi Vehicles
- 1.3. Benefits of Using an OBD2 Scanner with Your Audi
- 1.4. Regulatory Compliance
- 2. Determining OBD2 Compatibility for Your Audi Model
- 2.1. Check the Vehicle’s Manual
- 2.2. Check for the OBD2 Port
- 2.3. Model-Specific Compatibility
- 2.4. Exceptions and Special Cases
- 3. Selecting the Right OBD2 Scanner for Your Audi
- 3.1. Types of OBD2 Scanners
- 3.2. Key Features to Look For
- 3.3. Recommended OBD2 Scanners for Audi
- 3.4. Price Range
- 4. Step-by-Step Guide to Using an OBD2 Scanner on Your Audi
- 4.1. Locating the OBD2 Port
- 4.2. Connecting the Scanner
- 4.3. Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
- 4.4. Interpreting the Codes
- 4.5. Clearing the Codes
- 4.6. Troubleshooting Tips
- 5. Common OBD2 Fault Codes and How to Address Them on Your Audi
- 5.1. P0171: System Too Lean, Bank 1
- 5.2. P0401: Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Flow Insufficient Detected
- 5.3. P0300: Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
- 5.4. P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold, Bank 1
- 5.5. P2011: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit Open, Bank 2
- 5.6. P0014: Exhaust Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced, Bank 1
- 6. Advanced Diagnostic Procedures for Audi Vehicles
- 6.1. Using VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System)
- 6.2. Using OBDEleven
- 6.3. Component Testing
- 6.4. Bi-Directional Control
- 7. Maintaining Your Audi’s OBD2 System
- 7.1. Regular Check-Ups
- 7.2. Keep the OBD2 Port Clean
- 7.3. Update Your Scanner
- 7.4. Professional Inspections
- 8. When to Seek Professional Help
- 8.1. Complex Issues
- 8.2. Safety Concerns
- 8.3. Lack of Expertise
- 9. Advantages of Choosing CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN for Your Audi Diagnostic Needs
- 9.1. Expert Guidance and Support
- 9.2. Comprehensive Diagnostic Tools
- 9.3. Training Programs
- 9.4. Remote Support
- 9.5. Cost-Effective Solutions
- 10. Real-World Examples and Case Studies
- 10.1. Case Study 1: Diagnosing a Misfire Issue
- 10.2. Case Study 2: Identifying a Vacuum Leak
- 10.3. Case Study 3: Diagnosing an EGR Valve Issue
- 11. How CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN Can Help You Enhance Your Diagnostic Skills
- 11.1. Educational Resources
- 11.2. Training Programs
- 11.3. Community Support
- 11.4. Expert Mentorship
- 12. Future Trends in Automotive Diagnostics for Audi Vehicles
- 12.1. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- 12.2. Machine Learning (ML)
- 12.3. Remote Diagnostics
- 12.4. Augmented Reality (AR)
- 12.5. Connected Car Technologies
- 13. FAQ: Common Questions About OBD2 and Audi Vehicles
- 13.1. Will any OBD2 scanner work with my Audi?
- 13.2. Where is the OBD2 port located in my Audi?
- 13.3. Can I clear the check engine light using an OBD2 scanner?
- 13.4. What is VCDS, and why is it recommended for Audi vehicles?
- 13.5. What is OBDEleven, and how does it compare to VCDS?
- 13.6. Can I use a smartphone-based OBD2 scanner with my Audi?
- 13.7. What are some common OBD2 fault codes for Audi vehicles?
- 13.8. When should I seek professional help for diagnosing my Audi?
- 13.9. How can CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN help me with my Audi diagnostic needs?
- 13.10. What are the benefits of using advanced diagnostic tools like VCDS or OBDEleven?
- Conclusion
1. Understanding OBD2 and Its Compatibility with Audi
The On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD2) system is a standardized system used in most cars and light trucks manufactured since 1996 in the United States. However, the adoption varied globally. In Europe, the EOBD (European On-Board Diagnostics) standard became mandatory for gasoline vehicles in 2001 and diesel vehicles in 2004. This standardization means that any OBD2 scanner should theoretically work with any OBD2-compliant vehicle, including Audi.
1.1. The Mandate Behind OBD2
The OBD2 system was mandated to monitor the performance of a vehicle’s engine and emissions system. By standardizing the diagnostic process, manufacturers could ensure that vehicles met certain emissions standards. The standardization also made it easier for technicians to diagnose and repair vehicles, as they could use a single tool to interface with any OBD2-compliant vehicle. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the OBD2 system has significantly contributed to reducing vehicle emissions since its inception.
1.2. How OBD2 Works in Audi Vehicles
In Audi vehicles, the OBD2 system monitors a range of parameters, including engine performance, emissions control systems, and transmission functions. When the system detects an issue, it stores a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) and may illuminate the check engine light on the dashboard. Technicians can then use an OBD2 scanner to retrieve these codes and diagnose the problem.
1.3. Benefits of Using an OBD2 Scanner with Your Audi
Using an OBD2 scanner with your Audi provides several benefits:
- Early Detection of Problems: Identifies issues before they become major repairs.
- Cost Savings: Avoid expensive diagnostic fees at the dealership.
- DIY Repairs: Enables you to perform your own repairs and maintenance.
- Performance Monitoring: Allows you to monitor your vehicle’s performance in real-time.
1.4. Regulatory Compliance
The OBD2 system ensures that Audi vehicles comply with environmental regulations. According to a study by the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), the widespread adoption of OBD systems has led to a significant reduction in vehicle emissions across Europe.
2. Determining OBD2 Compatibility for Your Audi Model
While most modern Audi vehicles are OBD2 compliant, determining the compatibility of your specific model is still important. Here’s how you can check:
2.1. Check the Vehicle’s Manual
The easiest way to determine if your Audi is OBD2 compliant is to check the vehicle’s manual. The manual should state whether the vehicle supports OBD2 diagnostics.
2.2. Check for the OBD2 Port
Look for the OBD2 port, which is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side. It is a 16-pin connector. If you find this port, your vehicle is likely OBD2 compliant.
2.3. Model-Specific Compatibility
The following Audi models are generally OBD2 compatible:
- Audi A1: 2010 and newer
- Audi A3: 1996 and newer
- Audi A4: 1994 and newer
- Audi A5: 2007 and newer
- Audi A6: 1994 and newer
- Audi A7: 2010 and newer
- Audi A8: 1994 and newer
- Audi Q Series (Q3, Q5, Q7, Q8): All models
- Audi R8: 2007 and newer
- Audi RS Models (RS3, RS4, RS5, RS6, RS7): All models
- Audi S Models (S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8): All models
- Audi TT: 1998 and newer
2.4. Exceptions and Special Cases
For older Audi models manufactured before the widespread adoption of OBD2, compatibility may vary. Some early models may have proprietary diagnostic systems that require specialized tools. Consulting a professional technician or referring to Audi-specific diagnostic resources is recommended for these vehicles.
3. Selecting the Right OBD2 Scanner for Your Audi
Choosing the right OBD2 scanner for your Audi depends on your needs and technical expertise. Here are some factors to consider:
3.1. Types of OBD2 Scanners
- Basic OBD2 Scanners: These scanners read and clear diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). They are suitable for basic diagnostics and troubleshooting.
- Advanced OBD2 Scanners: These scanners offer advanced features such as live data streaming, component testing, and bi-directional control. They are ideal for professional technicians and experienced DIYers.
- Smartphone-Based Scanners: These scanners connect to your smartphone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi and use a mobile app to display diagnostic information. They are convenient and often offer a wide range of features.
3.2. Key Features to Look For
- Compatibility: Ensure the scanner is compatible with Audi vehicles.
- Code Reading and Clearing: The ability to read and clear DTCs.
- Live Data Streaming: Real-time data display of various parameters.
- Component Testing: Ability to test individual components and systems.
- Bi-Directional Control: Ability to send commands to the vehicle’s computer.
- User Interface: An intuitive and easy-to-use interface.
- Update Capability: Ability to update the scanner with the latest vehicle data.
3.3. Recommended OBD2 Scanners for Audi
- OBDEleven: This scanner is specifically designed for VAG (Volkswagen Audi Group) vehicles and offers advanced diagnostic and coding capabilities.
- VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System): Another popular choice for VAG vehicles, VCDS provides in-depth diagnostic and coding functions.
- Autel MaxiSys: A professional-grade scanner that supports a wide range of vehicles, including Audi, with advanced diagnostic features.
- BlueDriver Bluetooth Professional OBDII Scan Tool: A smartphone-based scanner that offers comprehensive diagnostic capabilities and vehicle-specific information.
3.4. Price Range
The price of OBD2 scanners can vary widely, from basic models costing around $30 to professional-grade scanners costing several thousand dollars. Choose a scanner that fits your budget and offers the features you need.
4. Step-by-Step Guide to Using an OBD2 Scanner on Your Audi
Using an OBD2 scanner on your Audi is a straightforward process. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
4.1. Locating the OBD2 Port
The OBD2 port is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side. Refer to your vehicle’s manual if you cannot find it.
4.2. Connecting the Scanner
- Turn off the ignition.
- Plug the OBD2 scanner into the OBD2 port.
- Turn on the ignition (but do not start the engine).
4.3. Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
- Follow the scanner’s instructions to read DTCs.
- The scanner will display a list of codes, along with brief descriptions.
4.4. Interpreting the Codes
DTCs are standardized codes that provide information about the problem. Here are some common DTCs for Audi vehicles:
- P0171: System Too Lean, Bank 1
- P0401: Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Flow Insufficient Detected
- P0300: Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
- P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold, Bank 1
- P2011: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit Open, Bank 2
- P0014: Exhaust Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced, Bank 1
4.5. Clearing the Codes
- Follow the scanner’s instructions to clear DTCs.
- Clearing the codes will turn off the check engine light.
4.6. Troubleshooting Tips
- Record the codes: Before clearing the codes, record them for future reference.
- Research the codes: Use online resources or repair manuals to research the codes and understand the possible causes.
- Perform visual inspections: Check for obvious issues such as loose connections, damaged wires, or leaking fluids.
- Consult a professional: If you are unsure about how to proceed, consult a professional technician.
5. Common OBD2 Fault Codes and How to Address Them on Your Audi
Understanding common OBD2 fault codes can help you diagnose and fix problems on your Audi more effectively. Here are some of the most frequently encountered codes and their potential solutions:
5.1. P0171: System Too Lean, Bank 1
- Description: This code indicates that the engine is running lean, meaning there is too much air and not enough fuel in the air-fuel mixture.
- Possible Causes:
- Vacuum leaks
- Faulty oxygen sensor
- Dirty or faulty mass airflow (MAF) sensor
- Fuel pump issues
- Clogged fuel filter
- Leaking fuel injectors
- Solutions:
- Check for and repair any vacuum leaks.
- Test and replace the oxygen sensor if necessary.
- Clean or replace the MAF sensor.
- Check the fuel pressure and replace the fuel pump if needed.
- Replace the fuel filter.
- Clean or replace the fuel injectors.
5.2. P0401: Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Flow Insufficient Detected
- Description: This code indicates that the EGR system is not functioning correctly, leading to insufficient exhaust gas recirculation.
- Possible Causes:
- Clogged EGR valve
- Faulty EGR valve position sensor
- Vacuum leaks in the EGR system
- Blocked EGR passages
- Solutions:
- Clean or replace the EGR valve.
- Test and replace the EGR valve position sensor if necessary.
- Check for and repair any vacuum leaks in the EGR system.
- Clean the EGR passages.
5.3. P0300: Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
- Description: This code indicates that one or more cylinders are misfiring randomly.
- Possible Causes:
- Faulty spark plugs
- Faulty ignition coils
- Vacuum leaks
- Low fuel pressure
- Faulty fuel injectors
- Low compression
- Solutions:
- Replace the spark plugs.
- Test and replace the ignition coils if necessary.
- Check for and repair any vacuum leaks.
- Check the fuel pressure and replace the fuel pump if needed.
- Clean or replace the fuel injectors.
- Perform a compression test to check for low compression.
5.4. P0420: Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold, Bank 1
- Description: This code indicates that the catalytic converter is not functioning efficiently.
- Possible Causes:
- Faulty catalytic converter
- Exhaust leaks
- Faulty oxygen sensors
- Engine misfires
- Solutions:
- Replace the catalytic converter.
- Check for and repair any exhaust leaks.
- Test and replace the oxygen sensors if necessary.
- Address any engine misfires.
5.5. P2011: Intake Manifold Runner Control Circuit Open, Bank 2
- Description: This code indicates that there is an issue with the intake manifold runner control circuit.
- Possible Causes:
- Faulty intake manifold runner control valve
- Wiring issues
- Vacuum leaks
- Solutions:
- Replace the intake manifold runner control valve.
- Check for and repair any wiring issues.
- Check for and repair any vacuum leaks.
5.6. P0014: Exhaust Camshaft Position Timing Over-Advanced, Bank 1
- Description: This code indicates that the exhaust camshaft timing is over-advanced.
- Possible Causes:
- Faulty camshaft position sensor
- Faulty oil control valve
- Timing chain issues
- Solutions:
- Replace the camshaft position sensor.
- Replace the oil control valve.
- Check the timing chain for wear or damage.
6. Advanced Diagnostic Procedures for Audi Vehicles
For more complex issues, advanced diagnostic procedures may be necessary. These procedures typically require specialized tools and expertise.
6.1. Using VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System)
VCDS is a powerful diagnostic tool specifically designed for VAG vehicles, including Audi. It offers advanced features such as:
- Module Coding: Ability to code and configure various control modules.
- Adaptations: Ability to perform adaptations and calibrations.
- Advanced Measuring Values: Access to a wide range of measuring values and parameters.
- Guided Fault Finding: Step-by-step guidance for diagnosing and repairing complex issues.
6.2. Using OBDEleven
OBDEleven is another popular diagnostic tool for VAG vehicles. It offers similar features to VCDS, including:
- One-Click Apps: Pre-programmed coding and adaptation options for common modifications.
- Live Data: Real-time data display of various parameters.
- Coding and Adaptations: Advanced coding and adaptation capabilities.
- Fault Code Reading and Clearing: Ability to read and clear DTCs.
6.3. Component Testing
Component testing involves testing individual components and systems to verify their functionality. This may require using a multimeter, oscilloscope, or other specialized tools.
6.4. Bi-Directional Control
Bi-directional control allows you to send commands to the vehicle’s computer to activate or deactivate specific components. This can be useful for testing actuators, solenoids, and other devices.
7. Maintaining Your Audi’s OBD2 System
Proper maintenance of your Audi’s OBD2 system is essential for ensuring accurate and reliable diagnostics. Here are some tips:
7.1. Regular Check-Ups
Perform regular check-ups using an OBD2 scanner to identify potential issues early.
7.2. Keep the OBD2 Port Clean
Keep the OBD2 port clean and free of debris to ensure a good connection.
7.3. Update Your Scanner
Keep your OBD2 scanner updated with the latest vehicle data and software updates.
7.4. Professional Inspections
Schedule regular professional inspections to identify any underlying issues that may not be apparent through basic diagnostics.
8. When to Seek Professional Help
While OBD2 scanners can be valuable tools for DIY diagnostics, there are times when it’s best to seek professional help.
8.1. Complex Issues
If you encounter complex issues that you are unable to diagnose or repair yourself, consult a professional technician.
8.2. Safety Concerns
If you are concerned about your safety or the safety of others, seek professional help immediately.
8.3. Lack of Expertise
If you lack the necessary expertise or tools to perform a repair, it’s best to leave it to the professionals.
9. Advantages of Choosing CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN for Your Audi Diagnostic Needs
CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN offers comprehensive solutions for diagnosing and maintaining your Audi, providing numerous advantages over other options.
9.1. Expert Guidance and Support
CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN offers expert guidance and support from experienced technicians. Our team can help you troubleshoot complex issues and provide step-by-step instructions for performing repairs.
9.2. Comprehensive Diagnostic Tools
We offer a wide range of diagnostic tools, including OBD2 scanners, VCDS, and OBDEleven, to meet your specific needs. Our tools are designed to provide accurate and reliable diagnostic information, helping you identify and resolve issues quickly.
9.3. Training Programs
CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN provides training programs for technicians of all skill levels. Our training programs cover a wide range of topics, including OBD2 diagnostics, advanced coding, and component testing.
9.4. Remote Support
We offer remote support services to help you troubleshoot issues from the comfort of your own home or shop. Our remote support team can connect to your vehicle remotely and provide real-time diagnostic assistance.
9.5. Cost-Effective Solutions
Our solutions are designed to be cost-effective, helping you save money on expensive diagnostic fees and repairs. By providing you with the tools and knowledge you need to perform your own repairs, we can help you keep your Audi running smoothly for years to come.
10. Real-World Examples and Case Studies
To illustrate the benefits of using an OBD2 scanner with your Audi, here are a few real-world examples and case studies:
10.1. Case Study 1: Diagnosing a Misfire Issue
A customer was experiencing a misfire issue on their Audi A4. They used an OBD2 scanner to read the DTCs and found a code for a cylinder misfire. After further investigation, they discovered that the ignition coil on the affected cylinder was faulty. They replaced the ignition coil and cleared the codes, resolving the misfire issue.
10.2. Case Study 2: Identifying a Vacuum Leak
Another customer was experiencing a lean condition on their Audi A6. They used an OBD2 scanner to read the DTCs and found a code for a system too lean. After performing a smoke test, they discovered a vacuum leak in the intake manifold. They repaired the vacuum leak and cleared the codes, resolving the lean condition.
10.3. Case Study 3: Diagnosing an EGR Valve Issue
A technician was working on an Audi Q5 with an EGR valve issue. They used VCDS to perform advanced diagnostics and found that the EGR valve was not functioning correctly. They replaced the EGR valve and performed an adaptation using VCDS, resolving the issue.
11. How CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN Can Help You Enhance Your Diagnostic Skills
CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN is committed to helping you enhance your diagnostic skills and become a more proficient technician.
11.1. Educational Resources
We offer a wealth of educational resources, including articles, videos, and tutorials, to help you learn about OBD2 diagnostics, advanced coding, and component testing.
11.2. Training Programs
Our training programs are designed to provide you with the knowledge and skills you need to diagnose and repair complex issues on Audi vehicles.
11.3. Community Support
We have a vibrant online community where you can connect with other technicians, ask questions, and share your experiences.
11.4. Expert Mentorship
Our expert mentors are available to provide personalized guidance and support to help you achieve your goals.
12. Future Trends in Automotive Diagnostics for Audi Vehicles
The field of automotive diagnostics is constantly evolving, with new technologies and techniques emerging all the time. Here are some future trends to watch out for:
12.1. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
AI is being used to develop more advanced diagnostic tools that can automatically analyze data and identify potential issues.
12.2. Machine Learning (ML)
ML is being used to train diagnostic tools to recognize patterns and predict future failures.
12.3. Remote Diagnostics
Remote diagnostics are becoming increasingly popular, allowing technicians to diagnose and repair vehicles from remote locations.
12.4. Augmented Reality (AR)
AR is being used to create interactive diagnostic tools that can overlay diagnostic information onto the real world.
12.5. Connected Car Technologies
Connected car technologies are providing access to a wealth of diagnostic data that can be used to improve vehicle maintenance and performance.
13. FAQ: Common Questions About OBD2 and Audi Vehicles
13.1. Will any OBD2 scanner work with my Audi?
Yes, most Audi models manufactured since 2001 are OBD2 compliant and should work with any standard OBD2 scanner.
13.2. Where is the OBD2 port located in my Audi?
The OBD2 port is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side.
13.3. Can I clear the check engine light using an OBD2 scanner?
Yes, you can clear the check engine light by clearing the DTCs using an OBD2 scanner.
13.4. What is VCDS, and why is it recommended for Audi vehicles?
VCDS (VAG-COM Diagnostic System) is a powerful diagnostic tool specifically designed for VAG vehicles, including Audi. It offers advanced diagnostic and coding capabilities.
13.5. What is OBDEleven, and how does it compare to VCDS?
OBDEleven is another popular diagnostic tool for VAG vehicles. It offers similar features to VCDS but is often more affordable and easier to use.
13.6. Can I use a smartphone-based OBD2 scanner with my Audi?
Yes, you can use a smartphone-based OBD2 scanner with your Audi. These scanners connect to your smartphone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi and use a mobile app to display diagnostic information.
13.7. What are some common OBD2 fault codes for Audi vehicles?
Some common OBD2 fault codes for Audi vehicles include P0171 (System Too Lean, Bank 1), P0401 (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Insufficient Detected), and P0300 (Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected).
13.8. When should I seek professional help for diagnosing my Audi?
You should seek professional help if you encounter complex issues that you are unable to diagnose or repair yourself, if you are concerned about your safety, or if you lack the necessary expertise or tools to perform a repair.
13.9. How can CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN help me with my Audi diagnostic needs?
CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN offers expert guidance and support, comprehensive diagnostic tools, training programs, remote support, and cost-effective solutions to help you diagnose and maintain your Audi.
13.10. What are the benefits of using advanced diagnostic tools like VCDS or OBDEleven?
Advanced diagnostic tools like VCDS or OBDEleven offer features such as module coding, adaptations, advanced measuring values, and guided fault finding, which can help you diagnose and repair complex issues more effectively.
Conclusion
Using an OBD2 scanner with your Audi is an effective way to diagnose and resolve car problems, ensuring your vehicle runs smoothly and efficiently. CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN provides a wide range of diagnostic tools, detailed guides, and expert technical support to help you keep your Audi in top condition. By understanding the OBD2 system, selecting the right scanner, and following proper diagnostic procedures, you can save time and money while maintaining your vehicle’s performance.
Ready to take control of your Audi’s diagnostics? Contact CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN today for expert guidance, comprehensive tools, and specialized training programs. Whether you’re a seasoned technician or a passionate DIYer, we have the solutions you need to keep your Audi running at its best. Reach out to us at our U.S. support office located at 1100 Congress Ave, Austin, TX 78701, United States, or connect via WhatsApp at +1 (641) 206-8880. Visit our website at CAR-DIAGNOSTIC-TOOL.EDU.VN to explore our full range of services and start your journey towards enhanced automotive expertise.
This image shows the typical OBD2 port location beneath the dashboard in an Audi vehicle, emphasizing its easy accessibility for diagnostic purposes.